印建坤:印建坤讲考研语法:名词从句五大问题

发布时间:2017-10-12分类:考研

  一、名词从句的本质。


1. 概念:就是把一个完整的句子当一个名词来使用。那么从句就具备了名词所具备的所有性质。主语、宾语、表语、同位语。
2. 引导名词从句常用的连词。有三类:1)that; 2)whether,if; 3)when,where ,how等连接副词或what,who,whose等连接代词。
That引导的名词性从句不能做任何句子成分。what一定在从句中充当主语或者宾语。Which 和whose 后面必须接名词。例如:
Concerns were raised __witness might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.
A.what     B.when   C.which    D.that
3)多重的名词从句现象。例如:
I realized that what I said was not exactly what meant to say.
考题:Prof. Lee’s book will show you ________ can be used in other contexts.
[A] that you have observed
[B] that how you have observed
[C] how that you have observed
[D] how what you have observed



二、名词从句中的主语从句


主语从句有如下几种表示方式:
1.用which, that放在句首引导主语从句。例如:
That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.
3.用it is +ved+that…例如:
It is believed that you are good boy.
3. 用whether引导主语从句。例如:
Whether the eyes are the windows of the soul is debatable.


三、宾语从句


需要掌握的几点:
及物动词后面的宾语从句。2005年例句:
Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us?


四、表语从句


就是一句话做另一个句子的表语。就是把从句放在系动词的后面。1997年例句:
A report consistently brought back by visits to the US is how friendly, cautious and hopeful most Americans were to them.


五、同位语从句


就是用来补充说明同位语的名词成分的句子。结构是:名词+that+从句。
同位语从句与宾语从句和定语从句的区别:引导宾语从句和定语从句的的that, which可以省略,而引导同位语从句的that不能省略。定语从句中的that必须在从句中扮演主语或者宾语。同位语从句的that不扮演任何成分。例如:
There is a popular saying that family instability causes social instability.  that不做句子成分。